Why Does My Stomach Hurt? Common Causes and When to See a Doctor

Stomach pain is a common ailment, affecting people of all ages. While often a minor inconvenience caused by something we ate, it can sometimes signal a more serious underlying issue. Understanding the potential causes of stomach pain can help you determine when it’s best to seek professional medical advice.

Common Causes of Stomach Pain

Stomach pain can stem from a wide variety of sources. Some of the most frequent culprits include:

Indigestion and Heartburn

Indigestion, also known as dyspepsia, is characterized by discomfort in the upper abdomen. Symptoms can include bloating, nausea, and a burning sensation. Heartburn, a type of indigestion, is caused by stomach acid refluxing back into the esophagus. Fatty or spicy foods, large meals, and certain medications are common triggers.

Food Poisoning

Consuming contaminated food or drink can lead to stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Symptoms usually appear within hours of ingestion and can last for several days. If symptoms are severe or persistent, seek medical attention.

Gas and Bloating

Excess gas trapped in the digestive system can cause abdominal discomfort, bloating, and feelings of fullness. Certain foods, such as beans and cruciferous vegetables, are known to contribute to gas.

Constipation

Infrequent bowel movements can lead to abdominal pain, bloating, and discomfort. Constipation can be caused by dehydration, a low-fiber diet, or lack of exercise.

Gastroenteritis (Stomach Flu)

Viral or bacterial infections of the stomach and intestines can cause gastroenteritis, characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. This is highly contagious and requires proper hygiene practices to prevent its spread.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

IBS is a chronic condition affecting the large intestine. Symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating, cramping, and changes in bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation). The exact cause of IBS isn’t fully understood, but stress, diet, and genetics may play a role.

Other Potential Causes

Less common but still important potential causes of stomach pain include:

• Appendicitis: Inflammation of the appendix, causing severe abdominal pain, often localized in the lower right abdomen. This is a medical emergency.
• Peptic Ulcers: Sores in the lining of the stomach or duodenum, often caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria.
• Gallstones: Small, hard deposits that form in the gallbladder. They can cause severe abdominal pain.
• Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas, often causing severe abdominal pain radiating to the back.

When to See a Doctor

While many instances of stomach pain are relatively mild and resolve on their own, there are situations where it’s crucial to seek medical attention immediately:

• Severe or persistent pain
• Pain accompanied by fever, chills, or vomiting blood
• Sudden, sharp pain
• Pain that worsens with movement or pressure
• Bloody or black stools
• Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)
• Unexplained weight loss

Conclusion

Stomach pain can have many causes, ranging from minor indigestion to more serious medical conditions. While many cases can be managed at home with rest and simple remedies, it’s crucial to pay attention to the severity and accompanying symptoms. If you experience any of the warning signs mentioned above, seek immediate medical attention to receive a proper diagnosis and treatment. This information is for general knowledge and does not replace the advice of a medical professional. Always consult a doctor or other qualified healthcare provider if you have concerns about your health.